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In 2004 Donald Morris discovered (see website http://www.bestfranklinsquares.com/mcm2) the basic key method. The basic key is a 2 x n [n = multiple of 4] magic rectangle. You can use the method to construct magic squares which are a multiple of 4.
See the
basic key to construct a 32x32 most perfect (Franklin pan)magic square:
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1 | 2 | Â | Â | 3 | 4 | Â | Â | 5 | 6 | Â | Â | 7 | 8 | Â | Â | 9 | 10 | Â | Â | 11 | 12 | Â | Â | 13 | 14 | Â | Â | 15 | 16 | Â | Â |
 |  | 1 | 2 |  |  | 3 | 4 |  |  | 5 | 6 |  |  | 7 | 8 |  |  | 9 | 10 |  |  | 11 | 12 |  |  | 13 | 14 |  |  | 15 | 16 |
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Take care that the sum of each column is the highest + lowest digit from 1 up to 32 (32 + 1 =) 33.
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1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
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Copy the two rows to fill the 32x32 square completely.
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Take 1x number from first grid
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 4 | 30 | 29 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 27 | 7 | 8 | 26 | 25 | 9 | 10 | 24 | 23 | 11 | 12 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 17 |
32 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 4 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 25 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 23 | 9 | 10 | 22 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 |
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+ 32x [number -/- 1] from second grid (= reflection of first grid)
1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 |
2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 |
32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 32 | 1 |
31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 31 | 2 |
3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 |
4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 |
30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 | 30 | 3 |
29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 4 |
5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 |
6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 |
28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 28 | 5 |
27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 | 27 | 6 |
7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 |
8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 |
26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 | 26 | 7 |
25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 25 | 8 |
9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 |
10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 |
24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 9 |
23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 23 | 10 |
11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 |
12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 |
22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 22 | 11 |
21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 | 21 | 12 |
13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 |
14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 |
20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 13 |
19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 14 |
15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 |
16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 |
18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 |
17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 |
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= Most perfect (Franklin pan)magic 32x32Â square
1 | 994 | 32 | 1023 | 3 | 996 | 30 | 1021 | 5 | 998 | 28 | 1019 | 7 | 1000 | 26 | 1017 | 9 | 1002 | 24 | 1015 | 11 | 1004 | 22 | 1013 | 13 | 1006 | 20 | 1011 | 15 | 1008 | 18 | 1009 |
64 | 991 | 33 | 962 | 62 | 989 | 35 | 964 | 60 | 987 | 37 | 966 | 58 | 985 | 39 | 968 | 56 | 983 | 41 | 970 | 54 | 981 | 43 | 972 | 52 | 979 | 45 | 974 | 50 | 977 | 47 | 976 |
993 | 2 | 1024 | 31 | 995 | 4 | 1022 | 29 | 997 | 6 | 1020 | 27 | 999 | 8 | 1018 | 25 | 1001 | 10 | 1016 | 23 | 1003 | 12 | 1014 | 21 | 1005 | 14 | 1012 | 19 | 1007 | 16 | 1010 | 17 |
992 | 63 | 961 | 34 | 990 | 61 | 963 | 36 | 988 | 59 | 965 | 38 | 986 | 57 | 967 | 40 | 984 | 55 | 969 | 42 | 982 | 53 | 971 | 44 | 980 | 51 | 973 | 46 | 978 | 49 | 975 | 48 |
65 | 930 | 96 | 959 | 67 | 932 | 94 | 957 | 69 | 934 | 92 | 955 | 71 | 936 | 90 | 953 | 73 | 938 | 88 | 951 | 75 | 940 | 86 | 949 | 77 | 942 | 84 | 947 | 79 | 944 | 82 | 945 |
128 | 927 | 97 | 898 | 126 | 925 | 99 | 900 | 124 | 923 | 101 | 902 | 122 | 921 | 103 | 904 | 120 | 919 | 105 | 906 | 118 | 917 | 107 | 908 | 116 | 915 | 109 | 910 | 114 | 913 | 111 | 912 |
929 | 66 | 960 | 95 | 931 | 68 | 958 | 93 | 933 | 70 | 956 | 91 | 935 | 72 | 954 | 89 | 937 | 74 | 952 | 87 | 939 | 76 | 950 | 85 | 941 | 78 | 948 | 83 | 943 | 80 | 946 | 81 |
928 | 127 | 897 | 98 | 926 | 125 | 899 | 100 | 924 | 123 | 901 | 102 | 922 | 121 | 903 | 104 | 920 | 119 | 905 | 106 | 918 | 117 | 907 | 108 | 916 | 115 | 909 | 110 | 914 | 113 | 911 | 112 |
129 | 866 | 160 | 895 | 131 | 868 | 158 | 893 | 133 | 870 | 156 | 891 | 135 | 872 | 154 | 889 | 137 | 874 | 152 | 887 | 139 | 876 | 150 | 885 | 141 | 878 | 148 | 883 | 143 | 880 | 146 | 881 |
192 | 863 | 161 | 834 | 190 | 861 | 163 | 836 | 188 | 859 | 165 | 838 | 186 | 857 | 167 | 840 | 184 | 855 | 169 | 842 | 182 | 853 | 171 | 844 | 180 | 851 |